In a series of recent publications, V. A. Ladov elaborated a unified treatment of set-theoretic and semantic paradoxes, including Russell’s paradox. His theory includes a unified formalization of paradoxes in question and a description of their necessary and sufficient conditions. His theory is interesting but to my view, some of his concepts are not fully explicated, because of which his description of necessary and sufficient conditions of paradoxes is unclear in some respects. In the present paper, I examine Ladov’s analysis of Russell’s paradox and show the insufficiency in his definition of the concepts of self-referential set and negative property.

The paper examines approaches to the reception of Aristotle's ideas in Russian culture, from the era of Old Russian Culture to the present day. Special attention is paid to the problem of the “Russian Aristotle” – the perception of the philosopher's legacy in the context of transformations of European intellectual culture. The study emphasizes the difference in approaches to understanding Aristotle's legacy in Western and Eastern cultural traditions. The question is raised about the influence of paradigm shifts on the perception of the philosopher, starting with the Enlightenment. It is shown that in the Russian tradition of the early 20th century, in publicism and some scientific works was formed an idea of the Aristotle's reception inconsistency in Russian culture in comparison with “Aristotelian scholasticism”. Such an assessment seems culturally biased and declarative. In order to move away from declarative statements about the reception of Aristotle, the author clarifies the content of the concept of “reception” and introduces reception criteria (Rezeptionsgeschichte-block (R) и Wirkungsgeschichte-block (W)) that allow scaling the idea of reception, ranking the degree of appropriation, adaptation of received samples, assessing the degree and form of borrowing ideas, as well as the level of transformation of culture due to the effect of the received sample. The article analyzes the monographs of V. M. Lurye and D. Bradshaw as an example of research focused on the W-block of reception, i.e. on assessing the effect and result of reception. These samples, built on the methodology of the history of ideas and the history of concepts, emphasize the originality of the adaptation of Aristotelian key concepts (hypostasis, nature, energy) in the Orthodox tradition, are considered as an alternative to the “scholastic Aristotle” and give reason to think of Aristotelianism as an internal form and code of Orthodox culture and Russian civilization. The article raises an important question about the need to rethink the role of Aristotle in Russian culture, which allows us to deepen our understanding of the cultural foundations of philosophy and assess the significance of those ideas for contemporary times.

In a 1775 “Essay of Sybil on Marriage” (Versuch einer Sibylle über die Ehe), translation and succinct commentary of which is presented in a current paper, J. G. Hamann holds to strictly binary approach to human sexuality. According to Hamann, sexuality is connected to the doctrines of divine creation and Christology, and as such it transpires by means of man’s coworking with God in the matter of creating new people through the marital embrace. In this sense Hamann discards conventional Enlightenment interpretation of marriage as a social contract and rather places an emphasis on its physicality in view of his Incarnational theology. Holding to a theological-philosophical position that he adopted early in his literary career, Hamann does not consider sexual desire to be shameful or sinful but rather views the union of a man and a woman in terms of his previously developed Socratic epistemology of self‑knowledge, which results in realization of one’s own sexuality in the act of being known by another.

The article proposes to analyze the integration resource of patriotism in the conditions of polyethnicity, which form the value of the ethnocultural identity of the peoples of Russia. In such sociocultural conditions, the features of the relationship between the phenomenon of patriotism and ethnocultural differentiation are visible. Based on a sociological study in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the author identifies the dynamics of attitudes towards ethnocultural differentiation, thereby tracing changes in the ethnosocial process in Yakutia. The main emphasis is on identifying affective and active manifestations of patriotism within the framework of the functioning of ethnocultural types. It is concluded that patriotism and positive nationalism (ethnic) at the present stage are complementary elements of the country's national development.

The article raises the problem of a possible contradiction between promising areas of application of artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process, presented in the research literature, and specific practices of interaction with AI tools in the everyday reality of students of Russian universities. A review of the research literature is presented, which reflects the position of Russian scientists regarding the most promising areas of application of AI technologies in the educational process of higher education, as well as regarding the barriers and risks associated with these processes. The data of interviews with Russian students are presented, which show that, although students generally highly appreciate the prospects for using AI technologies in the educational process, in practice there are some discrepancies between the potential of this vector of modernization, described in the scientific literature, and the everyday educational practices of Russian students. Conclusions are made that at the moment there remains room for improving modernization processes in the system of higher education through artificial intelligence technologies.

Based on the works of leading experts in ethnic issues (F. Bart, R. Brubaker, E. Balibar, etc.), it is shown that establishing the roots and genesis of such a phenomenon as a nation is not always an easy task. The thesis about the linear fate of nations and the historically consistent transformation of ethnic forms into nations seems to be not entirely substantiated. The terminological unambiguity of the very concept of a nation seems illusory. Without denying the cultural diversity and coherence of the concept of a nation with the socio-cultural features of the historical experience of peoples, it is shown that this category is largely a product of state ideology. It is shown that culture is not a primary marker, but rather a consequence or result of ethnic group organization.

What kind of knowledge can narratives transmit beyond their explicit propositional content? An extreme reductionist would argue that no additional knowledge is transmitted. A moderate reductionist might suggest that narratives can impart an additional structure to the knowledge, such as emphasizing importance or plausibility. In contrast, a moderate non-reductionist would assert that narratives contain non-explicit propositional content, including causal relationships between events and generalizations. Finally, an extreme non-reductionist would see stories as a means to transmit non-propositional knowledge, most prominently, knowledge of persons and personal perspectives. This categorization aids in understanding which aspects of narrative knowledge could be accessible to artificial intelligence.

The inseparable connection between the development of sociology in the USSR and Russia and the publication activity of the fundamental journal in this scientific field, “Sociological Studies”, is emphasized. Being an important substantive and institutional part of domestic sociology, it acts as a kind of cumulative space integrating the scientific community with the subject field of this discipline itself. The text is devoted to the anniversary events dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the scientific journal “Sociological Studies”: the grand opening, the scientific conference «Sociology: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow (on the 50th anniversary of the journal “Sociological Studies”)» and the XXVI Kharchevsky Readings “Theoretical Sociology: Past, Present, Future” (October 21-23, 2024, Moscow). The course of events and presented scientific reports are given, including those made by the staff of the Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The future of Russian science is largely determined by the interaction of scientific communities. Exchange of experience, mutual familiarization with the obtained results and their collective discussion creates a favorable opportunity for the development of interdisciplinary projects, allows identifying tendencies and promising trends in academic science and predicting the development trajectories of Russian society as a whole. The paper provides a brief overview of the main scientific areas discussed at the XLV International Annual Scientific Conference «The Academy of Sciences Contribution to the Russian State Development (on the 300th Anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences)» and the XXXVIII session of the S. A. Kugel International School of Sociology of Science and Technology «Engineering Profession in the 21st Century (on the 100th Anniversary of S. A. Kugel's Birth)», which took place from October 27 to November 1, 2024, in the St. Petersburg branch of the Russian National Committee for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The article is an attempt to conduct a comparative analysis of national systems for assessing the effectiveness of scientific activity in Russia and China. It is shown that due to the transition to the principles and methods of assessment established in world science, a number of serious contradictions have accumulated in the functioning of such systems. Among them are the formalization of the assessment process, emphasis on scientometric methods, the rejection of internal workshop expertise, an explicit or implicit desire to replace real scientific research with its technological imitation. At the same time, in recent years, both countries have made serious efforts to reform the assessment systems, striving to make them more meaningful and focused primarily on the tasks of national scientific and technological progress. In China, the efforts taken have been reduced to declarations; there are almost no real steps to change the existing system. In Russia, on the contrary, it was possible to create a successfully functioning system of professional scientific expertise, operating under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The article discusses one of Donald Davidson’s arguments in defense of the causal approach, according to which the explanation of actions through reasons is a kind of causal explanation. Davidson insists that the qualification of certain desires and beliefs as reasons is not a sufficient condition for explaining an action. In order to really explain an action, we need to find the reason that became the real efficient cause, since one reason can plausibly explain an action, but at the same time not be its true cause. This thesis of Davidson was called the master argument and is considered in the subsequent tradition as one of the strongest arguments in favor of causalism. The article shows the weaknesses of this argument.

The purpose of this work is to study the content and features of the process of co-production of public goods produced by the territorial public self-government (TPSG) together with the state within the framework of grant activities. The empirical basis of the study was data on 891 grant projects implemented by the TPSG of the Novosibirsk region in the period from 2018 to 2024. It is concluded that the existing grant system, on the one hand, encourages TPSG to participate in the process of co-production, but, on the other hand, imposes strict restrictions on this process. The analysis of the main areas of activity showed that the mandatory content of TPSG activities is the care of children and the organization of their leisure; landscaping of courtyards and house territories; solving problems of settlements in general or large areas of the city; in addition to communal problems, TPSG is actively engaged in preserving cultural and historical memory. An important result of the study was the discovered “effect of increasing beneficiaries”, when a relatively small group creates a public good that will be enjoyed by the entire community, significantly exceeding its size.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the discourse containing anti-Russian separatist ideas and claiming to represent Russian peoples and regions. Using the method of critical discourse studies, the author analyzes the Russian-language segment of the Telegram* (Roskomnadzor: Foreign owner of resource violates Russian law[1]) platform dedicated to the topic under study. As a result of the analysis, the key narratives of this discursive space are identified. Among them are the idea of the inevitability of the collapse of Russia and the independence of individual regions (both republics and individual regions and territories), the idea of the need for decolonization of the Russian state, Russian mass public consciousness; ideas of damage to the peoples of Russia - both historical and allegedly happening at the moment. The main characteristics of the discourse under study are revealed, including the active use of hate speech, the construction of a psychological and cultural distance between “Moscow” and the regions, Russians and other peoples, the dehumanization of the Russian government, its supporters, the Russian people, appeals to history. [1] In accordance with Part 1 of Article 11 of Federal Law No. 236-FZ dated 07/01/2021 "On the activities of Foreign Persons in the Internet Information and Telecommunications Network on the territory of the Russian Federation", Roskomnadzor decided to notify users of the Telegram messenger that the foreign person responsible for this resource violates the legislation of the Russian Federation.